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This PowerPoint Presentation provides an introductory lesson in the construction of a simple laddergram.  Laddergrams are a very useful way to diagram electrical conduction during cardiac dysrhythmias.  Laddergrams can show conduction that is otherwise concealed from the surface ECG.  They are very useful for presenting your theory of a dysrhythmia's mechanism.  Laddergrams are used by many ECG teachers to illustrate conduction, and being able to decipher a laddergram makes it much easier to understand explanations of complex dysrhythmias.